Improper dietary patterns with high carbohydrate intake and low fiber and protein intake can lead to the development of fatty liver disease. In fatty liver, fat droplets accumulate in the liver and over a long period of time can lead to hepatitis (inflammation of the liver), subsequent liver scarring (called fibrosis) and the development of liver cancer.
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The seriousness of fatty liver disease is often not fully recognized by patients, and most patients I meet downplay the disease, considering it to be widespread and seemingly harmless. . However, some patients, especially those with abdominal obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, inadequate cholesterol levels, or a family history of cirrhosis, are at particular risk for progressive liver damage due to fatty liver disease.
People with progressive liver damage due to fatty liver disease often do not have specific liver-related symptoms. If timely diagnosis is not made, the consequences can be dire. Therefore, it is essential for hepatologists like me to identify this subset of fatty liver patients who are at risk of developing liver scarring, cirrhosis, or liver cancer. With proper medical management and lifestyle changes, fatty liver can be cured.
Lifestyle changes on the patient's part include avoiding alcohol and eating a calorie-deficient diet. Limiting only fat is a myth, and you need to cut calories from all sources. Increasing your fiber and protein intake can also help achieve a balanced diet that helps with fatty liver disease. At least 45 minutes of active activity a day plays a vital role in your lifestyle.
A basic cardiac evaluation is often recommended for previously sedentary people to ensure that their heart health is normal and they are predisposed to vigorous activity and exercise regimens. Stress is often under-recognized in today's fast-paced lives, and sleep deprivation, inappropriate and untimely eating habits can ultimately lead to metabolic dysregulation and fatty liver disease. Holistic approaches to stress management, such as yoga and meditation, can help combat the negative effects of a stressful lifestyle.
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In conclusion, I would like to emphasize that people should not take fatty liver or liver health lightly or casually. Proper screening, timely diagnosis, and proper management can significantly help prevent the progression of this silent disease.
(Dr. Sandeep Satsangi, Senior Consultant Hepatologist and Liver Transplant Physician, Apollo Comprehensive Liver Care Team, Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta, Bangalore)
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