As I was formatting all of these links together, there was a 4.8 magnitude earthquake here on the East Coast. So I apologize in advance for any misaligned text. This week is gravity acceleration star! AI exhibiting cooperative and selfish behavior! and another version of “Would you like to eat this?”
Betrayed collaborator
Japanese researchers have developed an AI system that exhibits diverse personality traits and can switch between selfish and cooperative behavior depending on the situation. Using a prisoner's dilemma, an instance of an AI system chose to cooperate or defect from her AI partner. When cooperating during the game, both systems received her 4 virtual dollars. If one defected and the other cooperated, the defector received $5 and the collaborator received nothing.
The researchers developed multiple AIs that evolved based on repeated gameplay, eventually exhibiting cooperative or selfish behavior over generations. “Our experiments provide interesting insights into the dynamics of the evolution of personality traits in AI agents. “We observed the emergence of both personality traits,” said Reiji Suzuki, a professor at Nagoya University's Graduate School of Informatics. .
However, Suzuki also points out that over time, highly cooperative groups eventually gave way to generations of self-centered models. The researchers believe this study provides insights that can contribute to the future development of useful AI.
better air
Ronald Cohen, an atmospheric chemist at the University of California, Berkeley, reports that carbon dioxide is present on a large scale.2– A monitoring network of sensors he deployed around the Bay Area may have recorded reductions in carbon emissions due to the adoption of electric vehicles. This network is a proof-of-concept project to monitor urban areas and identify neighborhoods affected by high emissions at a granularity not previously possible.
From 2018 to 2022, the network's sensors recorded a 1.8% annual decline in overall carbon emissions. This translates into a 2.6% reduction in vehicle emissions per year. Researchers note that California has particularly high penetration rates of electric vehicles, making it an ideal testing ground for the effects of the energy transition.
“Our atmospheric measurements show that the introduction of electric vehicles is working and having the intended impact on CO2.2 They also point out that to meet California's goal of net zero emissions by 2045, the reductions reported by the network will need to double.
bad neighborhood
The immediate vicinity of Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way (and my heart), has unusually high traffic due to its massive gravity and local star density. Researchers at Northwestern University observed that more of these stars than expected appear to be very young, like Paul Rudd, and used their research to draw some inferences about this population of stars. A model of the system was constructed.
Among their findings, they determined that stars look younger because they violently consume their neighbors. Close to a black hole (within about 0.01 parsec), stars are accelerated to orbits of thousands of kilometers per second. And due to the huge number of stars in this region, collisions are inevitable. Sometimes the stars simply graze each other.
“They bump into each other and keep going,” said Sanaea C. Rose, who led the study. In this scenario, the star could lose its outer layer and continue tracking. In slower orbits farther out from the black hole, stars have less momentum to escape or merge with each other, and they become more massive. Repeated collisions and mergers can make these stars look younger than their actual age, like Paul Rudd, but eventually their lifespans are shortened.
total amount of fish
Last week's “Saturday Citation” featured a link to a story about researchers who studied the ease of drinking milk 100 years ago. In this week's “Would You Eat This?” researchers at Yale University's Peabody Museum of Natural History studied a 42-year-old can of salmon. The cans contain four types of fillets caught over 42 years in the Gulf of Alaska and Bristol Bay.
Wait, don't close the tab yet. This will whet your appetite even more. The researchers dissected the fillets and counted the number of Anisakid roundworm parasites. This seems like something you can do yourself at home using canned salmon, or fresh salmon from the fish counter.
Parasites are killed during cooking and canning processes and do not pose a threat to human health, but the article does not have information about their taste characteristics. “Everyone assumes that insects on salmon are a sign that things are going wrong,” said Chelsea Wood, assistant professor of fisheries and fisheries sciences at Wisconsin. It integrates many elements. I think of Anisakid as follows.” It signals that the fish on your plate comes from a healthy ecosystem. ”
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Quote: Saturday Quote: AI and the Prisoner's Dilemma. Stellar cannibalism. Evidence that EVs reduce CO₂ in the atmosphere (April 6, 2024) from https://phys.org/news/2024-04-saturday-citations-ai-prisoner-dilemma.html His 2024 4 Retrieved on the 6th of the month
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